/* ============================================================
   PREMIUM EDITORIAL DESIGN SYSTEM  v3.0
   Enterprise Quality — $50k publication standard
   Upgraded: typography, cards, article UX, spacing, CTAs
   Fonts: Fraunces (display serif) + Inter (UI/body sans)
   ============================================================ */

:root{
  /* Ink & neutrals */
  --ink:#0f1620;
  --ink-soft:#3a4657;
  --muted:#6a7684;
  --line:#e8ebef;
  --line-strong:#d5dae1;
  --bg:#ffffff;
  --bg-soft:#f7f8fa;
  --bg-tint:#f0f4f7;
  --bg-dark:#0b1420;
  --bg-dark-2:#12202f;

  /* Brand — overridden per-site via inline <style> */
  --brand:#0a3d62;
  --brand-2:#1e6091;
  --brand-3:#2e86c1;
  --accent:#c0392b;
  --accent-2:#e08e0b;
  --gold:#b8860b;

  /* System */
  --maxw:1200px;
  --maxw-read:740px;
  --radius:18px;
  --radius-sm:12px;
  --radius-lg:26px;
  --shadow-sm:0 2px 8px rgba(15,22,32,.07);
  --shadow:0 8px 28px rgba(15,22,32,.10);
  --shadow-lg:0 24px 60px rgba(15,22,32,.16);
  --shadow-hover:0 20px 50px rgba(15,22,32,.18);
  --ease:cubic-bezier(.22,.61,.36,1);
  --ease-spring:cubic-bezier(.34,1.56,.64,1);

  --serif:"Fraunces",Georgia,"Times New Roman",serif;
  --sans:"Inter",-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;
}

*{box-sizing:border-box}
html{scroll-behavior:smooth;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
body{
  margin:0;font-family:var(--sans);color:var(--ink);background:var(--bg);
  font-size:18px;line-height:1.75;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x:hidden;
}
img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
a{color:var(--brand-2);text-decoration:none;transition:color .22s var(--ease)}
a:hover{color:var(--accent)}
::selection{background:var(--brand);color:#fff}

.wrap,.mainnav-in,.masthead-in,.topbar-in,.mast-inner{
  max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;
}

/* ============================================================
   FLUID DISPLAY TYPE SCALE — magazine-grade hierarchy
   ============================================================ */
h1,h2,h3,h4{font-family:var(--serif);color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:-.018em;font-optical-sizing:auto}
h1{font-weight:900;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,5.2vw,3.5rem);line-height:1.05;margin:.12em 0 .32em}
h2{font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(1.6rem,3.2vw,2.2rem);line-height:1.14;margin:1.8em 0 .55em;scroll-margin-top:96px}
h3{font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(1.22rem,2.1vw,1.42rem);line-height:1.24;margin:1.45em 0 .42em}
p{margin:0 0 1.25em}
strong{color:var(--ink);font-weight:700}

/* ============================================================
   READING PROGRESS BAR
   ============================================================ */
.read-progress{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;height:3px;width:0;z-index:200;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--brand),var(--accent-2),var(--accent));
  transition:width .1s linear;box-shadow:0 0 14px rgba(192,57,43,.4)}

/* ============================================================
   HEADER — refined masthead + smart nav
   ============================================================ */
.masthead{background:var(--bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);position:relative;z-index:60}
.mast-inner,.masthead-in{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px}
.brand{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:900;font-size:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,2rem);color:var(--brand);
  letter-spacing:-.02em;line-height:1;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem}
.brand:hover{color:var(--brand-2)}
.brand .fresh,.brand .accent{color:var(--accent)}
.brand .mark{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:12px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--brand),var(--brand-3));
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#fff;font-size:1.15rem;
  box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.18);transition:transform .25s var(--ease-spring),box-shadow .25s var(--ease)}
.brand:hover .mark{transform:rotate(-3deg) scale(1.05);box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.22)}
.tagline{margin-top:4px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.72rem;letter-spacing:.22em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:600}

/* Sticky nav */
.mainnav{background:rgba(255,255,255,.82);backdrop-filter:saturate(200%) blur(18px);-webkit-backdrop-filter:saturate(200%) blur(18px);
  position:sticky;top:0;z-index:80;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);
  transition:box-shadow .3s var(--ease),background .3s var(--ease),padding .3s var(--ease)}
.mainnav.scrolled{box-shadow:0 6px 24px rgba(15,22,32,.09);background:rgba(255,255,255,.96)}
.mainnav-in{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;min-height:72px;padding-top:8px;padding-bottom:8px}
.mainnav .brand{font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2.4vw,1.55rem)}
.mainnav .brand .mark{width:34px;height:34px;font-size:1rem}
.mainnav.scrolled .mainnav-in{min-height:60px}
.navlinks{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:2px}
.navlinks a{color:var(--ink-soft);padding:10px 15px;font-weight:600;font-size:.86rem;letter-spacing:.01em;
  border-radius:9px;position:relative;transition:color .2s var(--ease),background .2s var(--ease)}
.navlinks a::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:15px;right:15px;bottom:6px;height:2px;
  background:var(--accent);transform:scaleX(0);transform-origin:left;transition:transform .28s var(--ease);border-radius:2px}
.navlinks a:hover,.navlinks a.active{color:var(--brand);background:var(--bg-soft)}
.navlinks a:hover::after,.navlinks a.active::after{transform:scaleX(1)}
.nav-cta{background:var(--brand)!important;color:#fff!important;padding:10px 20px!important;border-radius:999px!important;
  box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.15)!important;letter-spacing:.01em}
.nav-cta:hover{background:var(--accent)!important;box-shadow:0 6px 20px rgba(0,0,0,.2)!important;transform:translateY(-1px)}
.nav-cta::after{display:none}
.burger{display:none;background:none;border:0;color:var(--brand);width:44px;height:44px;cursor:pointer;padding:9px}
.burger svg{width:26px;height:26px}
.nav-close{display:none}

/* ============================================================
   HOMEPAGE — immersive hero
   ============================================================ */
main{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;background:var(--bg);position:relative;z-index:1}

.hero{position:relative;margin:0;width:100%;min-height:min(78vh,680px);display:flex;align-items:flex-end;
  color:#fff;overflow:hidden;isolation:isolate}
.hero-bg{position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-2}
.hero-bg img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transform:scale(1.04);animation:heroZoom 14s var(--ease) forwards}
@keyframes heroZoom{to{transform:scale(1)}}
.hero::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;
  background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgba(8,16,26,.12) 0%,rgba(8,16,26,.30) 40%,rgba(8,16,26,.88) 100%)}
.hero-inner{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px 72px;width:100%}
.hero-eyebrow{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.13);
  border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.24);backdrop-filter:blur(8px);
  color:#fff;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.17em;text-transform:uppercase;
  padding:7px 14px;border-radius:999px;margin-bottom:20px}
.hero-eyebrow .dot{width:7px;height:7px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--accent-2);box-shadow:0 0 10px var(--accent-2)}
.hero h1{color:#fff;font-size:clamp(2.4rem,5.6vw,4.2rem);max-width:16ch;text-shadow:0 2px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.32);margin-bottom:.4em}
.hero h1 a{color:#fff}
.hero-dek{font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.7vw,1.3rem);color:rgba(255,255,255,.91);max-width:62ch;margin:0 0 28px;font-weight:400;
  text-shadow:0 1px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.24);line-height:1.7}
.hero-actions{display:flex;gap:14px;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center}

/* ============================================================
   PREMIUM BUTTON SYSTEM
   ============================================================ */
.btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:9px;font-weight:700;font-size:.95rem;
  padding:14px 28px;border-radius:999px;
  transition:transform .28s var(--ease-spring),box-shadow .28s var(--ease),background .22s var(--ease),color .22s var(--ease)}
.btn-primary{background:#fff;color:var(--brand)}
.btn-primary:hover{background:var(--accent-2);color:#2a1800;transform:translateY(-3px);box-shadow:0 12px 32px rgba(0,0,0,.20)}
.btn-ghost{background:rgba(255,255,255,.1);color:#fff;border:1.5px solid rgba(255,255,255,.38)}
.btn-ghost:hover{background:rgba(255,255,255,.22);transform:translateY(-2px);border-color:rgba(255,255,255,.55)}
.btn .arrow{transition:transform .28s var(--ease)}
.btn:hover .arrow{transform:translateX(5px)}

/* Section shell */
.section{padding:68px 0}
.section.tint{background:var(--bg-soft);margin:0 -28px;padding-left:28px;padding-right:28px}
.section.tint .section-inner{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto}
.section-head{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;margin-bottom:36px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.section-kicker{display:block;color:var(--accent);font-size:.74rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.2em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:12px}
.section-title{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:700;font-size:clamp(1.55rem,3.2vw,2.15rem);line-height:1.1;margin:0;color:var(--ink)}
.section-title a{color:inherit}
.section-link{font-weight:700;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--brand-2);white-space:nowrap;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:6px;
  padding:8px 14px;border-radius:999px;border:1.5px solid var(--line);transition:all .22s var(--ease)}
.section-link:hover{color:#fff;background:var(--brand);border-color:var(--brand)}
.section-link .arrow{transition:transform .25s var(--ease)}
.section-link:hover .arrow{transform:translateX(4px)}

/* ============================================================
   MAGAZINE CARDS — premium upgrade
   ============================================================ */
.card-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:30px}
.card{position:relative;background:var(--bg);border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius);
  overflow:hidden;display:flex;flex-direction:column;
  transition:transform .4s var(--ease),box-shadow .4s var(--ease),border-color .4s var(--ease)}
.card:hover{transform:translateY(-5px);box-shadow:var(--shadow-hover);border-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05)}
.card a{color:inherit;display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100%}
.card .thumb,.card figure{margin:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden;aspect-ratio:3/2;background:var(--bg-tint)}
.card .thumb img,.card figure img,.card>a>img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;
  transition:transform .65s var(--ease)}
.card:hover img{transform:scale(1.06)}
.card .cat,.card .card-cat{position:absolute;top:14px;left:14px;z-index:2;
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.93);backdrop-filter:blur(6px);color:var(--brand);
  font-size:.68rem;font-weight:800;letter-spacing:.09em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:999px;
  box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.1);border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.6)}
.card-cat-inline{position:static!important;background:transparent!important;backdrop-filter:none!important;
  box-shadow:none!important;padding:0!important;border:none!important;
  color:var(--brand)!important;margin-bottom:8px;display:inline-block;font-size:.72rem}
.card .card-body,.card>a>div{padding:22px 24px 26px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;flex:1}
.card h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:700;font-size:1.18rem;line-height:1.3;margin:0 0 .6em;color:var(--ink);
  transition:color .22s var(--ease)}
.card:hover h3{color:var(--brand)}
.card p{color:var(--ink-soft);font-size:.93rem;line-height:1.62;margin:0 0 16px}
.card .card-meta{margin-top:auto;display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600}
.card .readmore{margin-top:auto;font-weight:700;font-size:.86rem;color:var(--brand-2);
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;padding-top:4px}
.card:hover .readmore{color:var(--accent)}
.card .readmore .arrow{transition:transform .28s var(--ease)}
.card:hover .readmore .arrow{transform:translateX(5px)}

/* Card image overlay gradient on hover */
.card .thumb::after,.card figure::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;
  background:linear-gradient(180deg,transparent 60%,rgba(0,0,0,.12) 100%);
  opacity:0;transition:opacity .4s var(--ease);pointer-events:none}
.card:hover .thumb::after,.card:hover figure::after{opacity:1}

/* ============================================================
   FEATURED CARDS
   ============================================================ */
.feature-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.6fr 1fr;gap:28px;margin-bottom:32px;align-items:stretch}
.feature-grid .card.lead{height:100%}
.feature-grid .card.lead>a{height:100%}
.feature-grid .card.lead .thumb,.feature-grid .card.lead figure{aspect-ratio:16/9}
.feature-grid .card.lead h3{font-size:1.58rem;line-height:1.18}
.feature-side{display:grid;gap:18px;align-content:start}
.feature-side .card{flex-direction:row}
.feature-side .card a{flex-direction:row;align-items:stretch}
.feature-side .card .thumb,.feature-side .card figure{aspect-ratio:auto;width:118px;flex:0 0 118px;height:auto;min-height:100%}
.feature-side .card .thumb img,.feature-side .card figure img{height:100%;width:100%;object-fit:cover}
.feature-side .card .card-body,.feature-side .card>a>div{padding:14px 18px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}
.feature-side .card h3{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.3;margin:6px 0 0}
.feature-side .card p{display:none}

/* ============================================================
   CLUSTER / TOPIC BANDS
   ============================================================ */
.cluster{margin-bottom:24px}
.cluster-head{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:16px;margin-bottom:26px}
.cluster-head .cnum{width:44px;height:44px;border-radius:14px;flex:0 0 44px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--brand),var(--brand-3));color:#fff;
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:900;font-size:1.25rem;
  box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.18);text-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.3)}
.cluster-head h2{margin:0;font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.8vw,1.95rem)}
.cluster-head .csub{color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem;margin-top:3px}

/* ============================================================
   NEWSLETTER / CTA BAND
   ============================================================ */
.cta-band{position:relative;margin:0 -28px;padding:80px 28px;color:#fff;overflow:hidden;isolation:isolate;text-align:center}
.cta-band::before{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--bg-dark) 0%,var(--brand) 60%,var(--brand-2) 100%)}
.cta-band::after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;z-index:-1;
  background:radial-gradient(ellipse 60% 80% at 70% 50%,rgba(255,255,255,.06) 0%,transparent 70%)}
.cta-band h2{color:#fff;max-width:22ch;margin:0 auto .5em;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,3.5vw,2.6rem)}
.cta-band p{color:rgba(255,255,255,.84);max-width:56ch;margin:0 auto 28px;font-size:1.06rem;line-height:1.72}
.cta-form{display:flex;gap:10px;max-width:480px;margin:0 auto;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center}
.cta-form input{flex:1;min-width:220px;padding:15px 20px;border-radius:999px;
  border:1.5px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);
  background:rgba(255,255,255,.09);color:#fff;font-size:1rem}
.cta-form input::placeholder{color:rgba(255,255,255,.58)}
.cta-form input:focus{outline:none;border-color:var(--accent-2);background:rgba(255,255,255,.15)}

/* Submit button */
.cta-form button,.cta-form [type="submit"]{padding:15px 28px;border-radius:999px;border:none;cursor:pointer;
  background:var(--accent-2);color:#fff;font-weight:700;font-size:.96rem;font-family:var(--sans);
  transition:background .22s var(--ease),transform .22s var(--ease-spring),box-shadow .22s var(--ease)}
.cta-form button:hover,.cta-form [type="submit"]:hover{background:var(--accent);transform:translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow:0 8px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.25)}

/* Trust strip */
.trust{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:0;margin:48px 0 10px;
  background:linear-gradient(180deg,#fff,var(--bg-soft));border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:var(--radius);box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm);overflow:hidden}
.trust .item{text-align:center;padding:32px 18px;position:relative}
.trust .item+.item::before{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:22%;bottom:22%;width:1px;background:var(--line)}
.trust .num{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:900;font-size:2.5rem;color:var(--brand);line-height:1;letter-spacing:-.02em}
.trust .lbl{color:var(--muted);font-size:.8rem;letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:600;margin-top:8px}

/* ============================================================
   ARTICLE PAGES — premium reading experience
   ============================================================ */
.breadcrumb,.crumbs{font-size:.82rem;color:var(--muted);margin:24px 0 8px;font-weight:500}
.breadcrumb a,.crumbs a{color:var(--brand-2)}
.breadcrumb a:hover,.crumbs a:hover{color:var(--accent)}

article.sn-article{max-width:var(--maxw-read);margin:0 auto;padding-bottom:48px}
.sn-article .cat,.article-head .cat{display:inline-block;background:var(--accent);color:#fff;font-size:.7rem;
  font-weight:800;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.09em;padding:6px 14px;border-radius:999px;margin-bottom:18px}
.sn-article h1{font-size:clamp(2.15rem,4.6vw,3.2rem);line-height:1.07;margin:.1em 0 .42em}
.sn-byline{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem;margin:0 0 28px;
  padding-bottom:24px;border-bottom:2px solid var(--line);flex-wrap:wrap}
.sn-byline strong{color:var(--ink)}
.sn-byline .avatar{width:46px;height:46px;border-radius:50%;flex:0 0 46px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--brand),var(--brand-3));color:#fff;
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:900;font-size:1.15rem;
  box-shadow:0 3px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.15)}

/* Article hero image — elevated shadow */
.sn-hero{margin:0 0 36px;border-radius:var(--radius);overflow:hidden;
  box-shadow:0 16px 48px rgba(0,0,0,.14)}
.sn-hero img{width:100%;height:auto;display:block}
.sn-hero figcaption{font-size:.8rem;color:var(--muted);padding:10px 4px 0;text-align:center;font-style:italic}

/* Lead paragraph + drop cap */
.sn-intro,.sn-lead{font-size:1.24rem!important;line-height:1.78!important;color:var(--ink-soft)!important}
.sn-body>p{font-size:1.1rem;line-height:1.8}
.sn-intro::first-letter,.dropcap::first-letter,.sn-lead::first-letter{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:900;float:left;
  font-size:3.9rem;line-height:.78;padding:8px 14px 0 0;color:var(--brand)}
.sn-article figcaption{font-size:.8rem!important;color:var(--muted)!important;padding:10px 4px 0;text-align:center;font-style:italic}

/* TOC — elevated styling */
.sn-toc{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--bg-soft),var(--bg-tint));
  border:1px solid var(--line);border-left:4px solid var(--brand);
  border-radius:0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
  padding:24px 28px;margin:32px 0}
.sn-toc strong,.sn-toc b{display:block;font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.08rem;margin-bottom:14px;color:var(--ink);
  font-weight:700}
.sn-toc ol,.sn-toc ul{margin:0;padding-left:1.4em}
.sn-toc li{margin:.45em 0;font-size:.96rem}
.sn-toc a{color:var(--brand-2);font-weight:500;transition:color .2s var(--ease),padding-left .2s var(--ease)}
.sn-toc a:hover{color:var(--accent);padding-left:3px}

/* Inline figures */
.sn-inline{margin:34px 0;border-radius:var(--radius-sm);overflow:hidden;box-shadow:var(--shadow)}
.sn-inline img{width:100%}
.sn-inline figcaption{font-size:.8rem;color:var(--muted);padding:10px 4px 0;text-align:center;font-style:italic}

/* Pull quote — premium weight */
blockquote,.pullquote{margin:36px 0;padding:20px 24px 20px 32px;
  border-left:5px solid var(--accent);
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--bg-soft),var(--bg-tint));
  border-radius:0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
  font-family:var(--serif);font-size:1.45rem;line-height:1.38;font-weight:500;color:var(--ink);font-style:normal}

/* Definition / callout */
.sn-definition,.callout{background:var(--bg-tint);border-left:4px solid var(--brand);
  padding:20px 24px;border-radius:0 var(--radius-sm) var(--radius-sm) 0;
  margin:28px 0;font-size:1.03rem;line-height:1.72}

/* Takeaways — premium card */
.sn-takeaways{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--bg-soft) 0%,var(--bg-tint) 100%);
  border:1px solid var(--line);border-top:3px solid var(--brand);
  border-radius:0 0 var(--radius) var(--radius);padding:32px 36px;margin:44px 0}
.sn-takeaways h2,.sn-takeaways h3{margin-top:0;font-size:1.25rem}
.sn-takeaways ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}
.sn-takeaways li{position:relative;padding-left:36px;margin:.75em 0;font-size:1.03rem;line-height:1.68}
.sn-takeaways li::before{content:"✓";position:absolute;left:0;top:1px;width:24px;height:24px;
  background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--brand),var(--brand-3));color:#fff;border-radius:50%;
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-size:.75rem;font-weight:800;
  box-shadow:0 2px 6px rgba(0,0,0,.15)}

/* FAQ */
.sn-faq{margin:44px 0}
.sn-faq h2{margin-bottom:20px}
.sn-faq-item{border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);padding:22px 26px;margin:14px 0;
  background:var(--bg);transition:box-shadow .3s var(--ease),border-color .3s var(--ease),transform .3s var(--ease)}
.sn-faq-item:hover{box-shadow:var(--shadow);border-color:var(--line-strong);transform:translateX(3px)}
.sn-faq-item h3{margin:0 0 .5em;font-size:1.1rem;color:var(--ink)}
.sn-faq-item p{margin:0;color:var(--ink-soft);line-height:1.72;font-size:1rem}

/* Related */
.sn-related{margin:52px 0 24px;padding-top:40px;border-top:2px solid var(--line)}
.sn-related h2{margin-top:0;font-size:1.4rem}
.sn-related ul{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:14px}
.sn-related li a{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;padding:16px 20px;border:1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);font-weight:600;color:var(--ink);
  transition:all .25s var(--ease)}
.sn-related li a::before{content:"→";color:var(--accent);font-weight:800;flex:0 0 auto}
.sn-related li a:hover{border-color:var(--brand);background:var(--bg-soft);transform:translateX(4px);color:var(--brand)}

/* Tables */
table,.sn-compare{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.7em 0;font-size:.96rem;
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);overflow:hidden;box-shadow:var(--shadow-sm)}
th,td{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:13px 16px;text-align:left}
th{background:linear-gradient(135deg,var(--bg-soft),var(--bg-tint));font-weight:700;font-family:var(--sans);
  color:var(--ink);font-size:.9rem;letter-spacing:.02em}
tbody tr:nth-child(even) td{background:var(--bg-soft)}
tbody tr:hover td{background:var(--bg-tint)}

/* ============================================================
   ADS — no reserved void
   ============================================================ */
.ad-band{margin:8px 0;text-align:center}
.ad-band:empty,.ad-band.is-empty{display:none}
.ad-label{font-size:.66rem;color:var(--muted);text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.14em;margin-bottom:6px}
.ad-box{background:transparent;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden}
.ad-box:has(iframe),.ad-box:has(ins[data-ad-status="filled"]){min-height:90px;background:var(--bg-soft);
  border-radius:var(--radius-sm);margin-top:6px}
.ad-band .adsbygoogle{display:block;min-height:0}
.ad-band-slim{max-width:970px;margin:22px auto;overflow:hidden}
.ad-band-slim .ad-box,.ad-band-slim .adsbygoogle{max-height:110px}
.ad-band-slim:has(iframe){margin:30px auto}

/* ============================================================
   FOOTER — premium multi-column
   ============================================================ */
.footer{background:var(--bg-dark);color:#aeb9c6;margin-top:88px;padding:68px 0 30px;font-size:.92rem;position:relative}
.footer::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:0;left:0;right:0;height:3px;
  background:linear-gradient(90deg,var(--brand),var(--accent-2),var(--accent))}
.foot-grid{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:0 auto;padding:0 28px;display:grid;
  grid-template-columns:1.8fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;gap:44px}
.foot-brand{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:900;font-size:1.7rem;color:#fff;
  display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.5rem}
.foot-brand .fresh,.foot-brand .accent{color:var(--accent-2)}
.foot-desc{color:#8493a3;margin-top:16px;line-height:1.72;max-width:40ch}
.foot-social{display:flex;gap:10px;margin-top:20px}
.foot-social a{width:40px;height:40px;border-radius:10px;background:rgba(255,255,255,.07);
  display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;color:#c7d0da;
  transition:all .25s var(--ease)}
.foot-social a:hover{background:var(--brand-3);color:#fff;transform:translateY(-3px)}
.footer h4,.footer .foot-h{color:#fff;font-size:.76rem;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.15em;
  margin:0 0 18px;font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:700;line-height:1.3}
.footer a{display:block;color:#aeb9c6;padding:5px 0;transition:color .2s var(--ease),padding-left .2s var(--ease)}
.footer a:hover{color:#fff;padding-left:8px}
.foot-bottom{max-width:var(--maxw);margin:48px auto 0;padding:24px 28px 0;
  display:flex;justify-content:space-between;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;
  border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.09);color:#6f7f8f;font-size:.85rem}
.extra-foot-links a{color:#8493a3;display:inline-block;padding:0}

/* ============================================================
   SCROLL REVEAL — no CLS
   ============================================================ */
/* Only animate when JS has loaded and enabled the class */
.js .reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(22px);
  transition:opacity .65s var(--ease),transform .65s var(--ease)}
.js .reveal.in{opacity:1;transform:none}

/* Search box */
.search-box{max-width:660px;margin:28px auto}
.search-box input{width:100%;padding:16px 22px;font-size:1.06rem;border:2px solid var(--line);
  border-radius:999px;transition:border-color .22s,box-shadow .22s;font-family:var(--sans)}
.search-box input:focus{outline:none;border-color:var(--brand-2);box-shadow:0 0 0 4px rgba(30,96,145,.12)}

/* Prose pages */
.prose{max-width:var(--maxw-read);margin:0 auto;padding-bottom:44px}
.prose h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,4.2vw,2.9rem)}

/* ============================================================
   RESPONSIVE
   ============================================================ */
@media(max-width:1000px){
  .card-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}
  .foot-grid{grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr 1fr}
}
@media(max-width:860px){
  .feature-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .sn-related ul{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .foot-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:34px}
  .burger{display:block}
  .navlinks{position:fixed;inset:0 0 0 auto;width:min(82vw,330px);background:#fff;flex-direction:column;
    flex-wrap:nowrap;align-items:stretch;gap:0;padding:76px 22px 32px;
    transform:translateX(100%);transition:transform .35s var(--ease);
    box-shadow:var(--shadow-lg);z-index:90;overflow-y:auto;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch}
  .navlinks.open{transform:none}
  .navlinks a{padding:15px 16px;font-size:1.02rem;font-weight:600;
    border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:0;color:var(--ink)}
  .navlinks a:first-of-type{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}
  .navlinks a::after{display:none}
  .nav-close{position:absolute;top:16px;right:16px;width:42px;height:42px;border:none;background:var(--bg-soft);
    border-radius:12px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;cursor:pointer;color:var(--ink);
    font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1;z-index:2;transition:background .2s var(--ease)}
  .nav-close:hover{background:var(--line)}
  .nav-cta{margin-top:18px;text-align:center}
  .nav-backdrop{position:fixed;inset:0;background:rgba(8,16,26,.5);opacity:0;visibility:hidden;transition:.35s;z-index:85}
  .nav-backdrop.open{opacity:1;visibility:visible}
}
@media(max-width:640px){
  body{font-size:17px}
  .wrap,.mainnav-in,.masthead-in,.mast-inner,main,.section.tint{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px}
  .hero{margin:0;width:100%;min-height:68vh}
  .hero-inner{padding:0 20px 48px}
  .section{padding:52px 0}
  .cta-band,.section.tint{margin-left:-20px;margin-right:-20px}
  .card-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:22px}
  .feature-side .card a{flex-direction:column}
  .feature-side .card .thumb,.feature-side .card figure{width:100%;flex:auto;aspect-ratio:16/10}
  .feature-side .card .card-body,.feature-side .card>a>div{padding:14px 18px}
  .foot-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:28px 20px}
  .foot-brand{font-size:1.4rem;white-space:nowrap}
  .foot-desc{grid-column:1/-1;max-width:none}
  .foot-social{grid-column:1/-1}
  .footer h4,.footer .foot-h{font-size:.7rem;letter-spacing:.1em;word-break:normal}
  .footer a{font-size:.9rem}
  .foot-bottom{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:10px}
  .trust{gap:20px}
  .sn-takeaways{padding:24px 22px}
  .sn-toc{padding:18px 20px}
  blockquote,.pullquote{padding:16px 18px 16px 24px;font-size:1.25rem}
}
@media(max-width:560px){
  .trust{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;row-gap:4px;column-gap:0}
  .trust .item{padding:22px 12px}
  .trust .item+.item::before{display:none}
  .trust .item:nth-child(even)::after{content:"";position:absolute;left:0;top:22%;bottom:22%;width:1px;background:var(--line)}
  .trust .num{font-size:2rem}
  .sn-related ul{grid-template-columns:1fr}
}
@media(max-width:400px){
  .foot-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}
  .foot-brand{font-size:1.5rem}
}
@media print{
  .mainnav,.ad-band,.footer,.sn-toc,.burger,.read-progress,.cta-band,.hero-actions{display:none!important}
  body{font-size:12pt;color:#000}
  a{color:#000}
  @page{margin:1.6cm}
}

/* ============================================================
   UNIVERSAL RESPONSIVE + PREMIUM UI FIX  (appended override)
   Fixes: iOS Safari hero image zoom/overflow, image precision
   across all devices, and premium UI polish.
   Loaded LAST so it wins the cascade.
   ============================================================ */

/* ---- 1. GLOBAL BOX MODEL & IMAGE SAFETY NET -------------- */
*,*::before,*::after{box-sizing:border-box}
html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;text-size-adjust:100%}
body{overflow-x:hidden}                 /* kill horizontal scroll on mobile */
img,svg,video,picture{max-width:100%;height:auto}

/* ---- 2. HERO IMAGE — iOS SAFARI ZOOM FIX ---------------- */
/* Root cause: object-fit:cover + animated transform on an <img>
   inside position:absolute;inset:0 breaks on iOS Safari,
   rendering the image at natural (zoomed) size or as a block.
   Fix: pin the img absolutely to fill its box, use object-fit
   with an explicit object-position, and DISABLE the animated
   transform on touch devices where it misbehaves. */
.hero{overflow:hidden;isolation:isolate}
.hero-bg{position:absolute!important;inset:0!important;z-index:-2;overflow:hidden}
.hero-bg img{
  position:absolute!important;
  top:50%!important;left:50%!important;
  transform:translate(-50%,-50%)!important;   /* override scale animation */
  width:100%!important;height:100%!important;
  min-width:100%!important;min-height:100%!important;
  max-width:none!important;                    /* let it fill, never shrink */
  object-fit:cover!important;
  object-position:center center!important;
  animation:none!important;                    /* remove the fragile zoom anim */
}

/* Use dynamic viewport height where supported (fixes iOS URL-bar jump) */
@supports (height:100dvh){
  .hero{min-height:min(78dvh,660px)}
}
@media(max-width:640px){
  @supports (height:100dvh){ .hero{min-height:62dvh} }
}

/* ---- 3. CARD / ARTICLE / INLINE IMAGES — PRECISION ------ */
.card figure,.card .thumb,.feature-side .card figure,
.sn-hero,.sn-inline{overflow:hidden}
.card figure img,.card .thumb img,.card>a>img,
.feature-side .card figure img{
  width:100%!important;height:100%!important;
  object-fit:cover!important;object-position:center!important;
}
/* Give card figures a stable aspect ratio so images never jump */
.card figure,.card .thumb{aspect-ratio:16/10;position:relative}
.card.lead figure{aspect-ratio:4/3}
.sn-hero img,.sn-inline img{width:100%!important;height:auto!important;object-fit:contain}

/* ---- 4. PREMIUM UI POLISH -------------------------------- */
:root{
  --shadow-soft:0 1px 2px rgba(16,24,40,.04),0 4px 16px rgba(16,24,40,.06);
  --shadow-lift:0 8px 30px rgba(16,24,40,.10),0 2px 6px rgba(16,24,40,.05);
}
.card{
  border-radius:18px;overflow:hidden;
  box-shadow:var(--shadow-soft);
  transition:transform .35s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1),box-shadow .35s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1);
  will-change:transform;
}
.card:hover{transform:translateY(-4px);box-shadow:var(--shadow-lift)}
.card:hover img{transform:scale(1.05)!important}
.card figure img,.card .thumb img{transition:transform .5s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1)}

.btn{transition:transform .25s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1),box-shadow .25s,filter .25s}
.btn-primary{box-shadow:0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.12)}
.btn:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}
.btn-primary:hover{filter:brightness(1.03)}

.hero h1{letter-spacing:-.02em;line-height:1.05}
.hero-dek{line-height:1.6}
.section-title,h2.section-title{letter-spacing:-.01em}

/* Smooth reveal on desktop only; never hide content on mobile */
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
  .reveal{opacity:0;transform:translateY(14px);transition:opacity .7s ease,transform .7s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1)}
  .reveal.in{opacity:1;transform:none}
}
/* Failsafe: if JS/reveal doesn't fire, always show content */
.no-js .reveal,.reveal:not(.in){opacity:1;transform:none}

/* ---- 5. MOBILE TAP TARGETS & SPACING -------------------- */
@media(max-width:640px){
  .btn{padding:14px 22px;font-size:1rem}
  .hero h1{font-size:clamp(2rem,8.5vw,2.9rem)}
  .hero-dek{font-size:1.02rem}
  .nav-cta,.navlinks a{min-height:44px;display:inline-flex;align-items:center}
  a,button{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:rgba(0,0,0,.05)}
}

/* Prevent any element from forcing horizontal overflow */
.trust,.feature-grid,.card-grid,main,section,.hero-inner{max-width:100%}
/* ============================================================
   UNIVERSAL SCROLL-ZOOM FIX v2 — iOS SAFARI STICKY-HOVER KILL
   Root cause: `transform:scale(1.04)` on :hover sticks on iOS
   Safari after a tap/scroll-touch, leaving card & article images
   permanently zoomed while scrolling. This block neutralises all
   hover-scale on touch devices and hard-caps every image container
   so images always adapt to the device (mobile & desktop).
   Appended LAST so it wins the cascade. Marker: SCROLLZOOM-FIX-V2
   ============================================================ */

/* 1) TOUCH DEVICES: kill every sticky-hover zoom on images ---- */
@media (hover:none), (pointer:coarse){
  *:hover img,
  .card:hover img,
  .card:hover .card-img-link img,
  .card:hover figure img,
  .card:hover .thumb img,
  a:hover img,
  figure:hover img,
  .hero-image:hover img,
  .sec-img-link:hover img,
  .card-img-link:hover img,
  .related-card:hover img,
  .post-card:hover img,
  .article-card:hover img{
    transform:none !important;
    -webkit-transform:none !important;
    scale:none !important;
  }
  /* also freeze the transition so no lingering animation state */
  img{
    transition:none !important;
    -webkit-transition:none !important;
  }
}

/* 2) HARD-CAP EVERY IMAGE so it never overflows / renders oversized */
img{
  max-width:100% !important;
  height:auto;
}

/* 3) STABLE ASPECT RATIOS on every card / thumb / hero container so
      the image is cropped by the BOX (object-fit) not blown up.     */
.card-img-link,
.sec-img-link,
.hero-image,
.card .thumb,
.card figure,
.related-card a,
.post-card .thumb,
.article-card .thumb{
  display:block;
  overflow:hidden;
}

.card-img-link img,
.sec-img-link img,
.hero-image img,
.card .thumb img,
.card figure img,
.related-card img,
.post-card img,
.article-card img{
  width:100% !important;
  aspect-ratio:16/9;
  object-fit:cover !important;
  object-position:center center !important;
  display:block;
}

/* 4) ARTICLE HERO & INLINE CONTENT IMAGES — natural, never zoomed.
      These are large editorial images; they must scale to fit width
      and keep their own ratio (no forced crop, no scale).           */
.article-hero img,
.sn-hero img,
.sn-inline img,
.sn-article img,
.prose img,
.article-main img,
article img,
.post-content img,
.entry-content img{
  width:100% !important;
  height:auto !important;
  max-width:100% !important;
  aspect-ratio:auto !important;
  object-fit:contain !important;
  transform:none !important;
  -webkit-transform:none !important;
  animation:none !important;
}

/* 5) DESKTOP hover zoom stays subtle & clipped by overflow:hidden.
      (Only active where a real pointer exists.)                     */
@media (hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){
  .card-img-link img,
  .sec-img-link img,
  .card figure img{
    transition:transform .35s ease;
  }
}